Colds and
flu are caused by viruses. Colds can be transmitted easily between individuals.
The main symptoms of colds are runny nose, sore throat, mild fever, mild
headache, sneezing, coughing and congestion. Flu symptoms include many of the
same as colds, but also high fever, severe aches and pains, chills and sweats,
severe sore throat and fatigue. Fever, chills, fatigue and severe aches are the
symptoms which most distinguish flu from other infections.
Whilst there
is no known cure for the common cold or flu, there are certain preventative actions
a person can take in order to lessen the chances of getting either, as well as
actions to curtail the duration of an infection. Antibiotics are useless in the
case of a viral infection, and there isn’t much evidence to support the view that
over-the-counter medications help in any way.
Sufficiency
in both vitamins C and D is vital in the fight against colds and flu. Any
deficiency in these critical vitamins will leave your body more susceptible to
being invaded by a virus. It is best to
derive sufficiency in these vitamins from food, or other natural sources, in
the first instance if at all possible. Garlic and ginger have also been known
to be used effectively in the fight against colds and flu.
The best
food sources of vitamin C are: fruits like gooseberries, kiwis, citrus fruits
(oranges, lemons and grapefruit); vegetables
such as cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, broccoli, green peppers and
potatoes; and the herb parsley also contains large amounts, and can be sprinkled on meat or fish dishes
to enhance them.
Failing to
get enough vitamin C from food sources, then a food supplement should be taken
as a precaution against a deficiency. Adults require about 1,000 milligrams of
vitamin C per day, and children require half that amount. If you are getting
some of this vitamin from food sources but not enough, then you should work out
the strength and frequency of the supplement you need to take.
There are
not many food sources of vitamin D, so it is easy to have a deficiency. The
food sources available are: fish oil; some fish such as sardines, tuna, salmon
and herring; and eggs and milk but in in small amounts. The main source of vitamin D is the action of
direct sunlight on the skin; all that is needed is 15 minutes of sunlight a day
on at least a third of the body.
In countries
that have long winters without much sunshine, it may be prudent to supplement
the diet with vitamin D supplements. An adult requires 2, 000 IU of vitamin D
per day, and a child half that amount. Alternatively, you could acquire your
daily requirement by using sunbeds in a safe manner in lieu of sunshine.
Whilst
sufficiency in these vitamins should help you prevent catching a virus in the
first place, if you do catch one despite your best efforts, here are some things
you can do to curtail its duration, as follows:
1. Wrap up warm by putting on an extra
layer of clothing if necessary.
2. Get sufficient sleep.
3. Avoid sugar-laden foods and soft
drinks, as sugar depresses the immune system.
4. Drink lots of hot drinks like hot
water with a slice of lemon, green tea, lemon tea, ginger tea or coconut
milk.
5. Maintain the normal amount of food
you take in a day, ensuring that you are getting enough vitamins C and D as
outlined above.
6. Maintain any daily exercise like
walking or jogging that you were doing prior to the infection.
7. After contact with a runny nose or
eyes, wash your hands thoroughly to avoid spreading the virus.
The British
Government advises certain at-risk groups to avail of an anti-flu jab each year
prior to onset of cold weather. This may
be a good idea, in countries where it is available, for the elderly, pregnant
women, people with diabetes or any chronic organ infection. Anti-flu
vaccinations are said to have a more than 80% success rate, but need to be renewed
annually as the viruses causing flu keep changing.
If you have
got a home-made remedy for the common cold or flu that worked well in the past,
I would be pleased to hear about it via the comments box below.